What is the history of EIA?

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EIA as a mandatory regulatory procedure originated in the early 1970s, with the implementation of the National Environment Policy Act (NEPA) 1969 in the US. A large part of the initial development took place in a few high-income countries, like Canada, Australia, and New Zealand (1973-74).

Who introduced EIA?

United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) adopts the Goals and Principles of Environmental Impact Assessment – 13 rules designed to facilitate the introduction and promotion of EIA systems in member countries as well as promoting the development of an international EIA procedure.

In which year was EIA notification formulated?

1994
In 1994, for the first time under the Environment Protection Act, 1986, the EIA notification was formulated in India. It made environmental clearance mandatory for expansion, modernisation and setting up of new projects. Since then, EIA has been amended several times. The most important amendment happened in 2006.

What is the legal basis for undertaking EIA in Bangladesh?

EIA has been practiced in Bangladesh since the late 1980s but it is through the enactment of the Environment Conservation Act, 1995 and the Environment Conservation Rules, 1997 EIA gained formal status in the country.

Which country has the best EIA?

The country with the longest experience with EIAs is the United States, where EIA legislation was passed in 1970.

What were the salient features of EIA notification 1994?

EIA Notification, 1994 required projects to obtain environmental clearance based on investment criteria (originally it was Rs. 50 crores, which was enhanced to Rs. 100 crores), except for mining project, where the lease area and nature of mineral were the criteria for applicability of the Notification.

What is the main difference between EIA notification 1994 and EIA Notification 2006?

The major difference in the New EIA Notification 2006 from the earlier one (1994) is its attempt to decentralise power to the State Government. Earlier all the projects under schedule 1 went to the Central Government for environmental clearance.

Why EIA is important in all countries?

Improving EIAs and increasing transnational collaboration in implementing them not only will help to prevent or mitigate conflict but also may enhance transnational environmental management. identification of major impacts, and mitigation measures), public participation, review, decision, and monitoring.